The Impact of Uremic Toxins on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function

Lucie Henaut (1) , Aurelien Mary (1, 2) , Jean-Marc Chillon (1, 2) , Saïd Kamel (1, 2) , Ziad A. Massy (3, 4)

1 MP3CV - Mécanismes physiopathologiques et conséquences des calcifications vasculaires - UR UPJV 7517
2 CHU Amiens-Picardie
3 Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP]
4 CESP - Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with profound vascular remodeling, which accelerates the progression of cardiovascular disease. This remodeling is characterized by intimal hyperplasia, accelerated atherosclerosis, excessive vascular calcification, and vascular stiffness. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction has a key role in the remodeling process. Under uremic conditions, VSMCs can switch from a contractile phenotype to a synthetic phenotype, and undergo abnormal proliferation, migration, senescence, apoptosis, and calcification. A growing body of data from experiments in vitro and animal models suggests that uremic toxins (such as inorganic phosphate, indoxyl sulfate and advanced-glycation end products) may directly impact the VSMCs' physiological functions. Chronic, low-grade inflammation and oxidative stresshallmarks of CKDare also strong inducers of VSMC dysfunction. Here, we review current knowledge about the impact of uremic toxins on VSMC function in CKD, and the consequences for pathological vascular remodeling.

Mots clés: chronic kidney disease; uremic toxins; vascular smooth muscle cells

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Lucie Henaut, Aurelien Mary, Jean-Marc Chillon, Saïd Kamel, Ziad A. Massy. The Impact of Uremic Toxins on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function. Toxins, 2018, 10 (6), ⟨10.3390/toxins10060218⟩. ⟨hal-03572448⟩