Does the Administration of Sevelamer or Nicotinamide Modify Uremic Toxins or Endotoxemia in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients? - Université de Picardie Jules Verne Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Drugs Année : 2019

Does the Administration of Sevelamer or Nicotinamide Modify Uremic Toxins or Endotoxemia in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients?

Résumé

BackgroundHyperphosphatemia control is a major issue in hemodialysis patients. Both sevelamer and nicotinamide are prescribed for this purpose. In addition, they exert pleiotropic effects such as an improvement of inflammatory status and potentially enhanced clearance of uremic toxins. In the present secondary analysis of the NICOREN trial, we investigated the impact of sevelamer and nicotinamide on uremic toxins, toxin precursors, and endotoxemia in chronic hemodialysis patients.MethodsCirculating uremic toxins (including phenylacetylglutamine, trimethylamine-N-oxide, p-cresyl sulfate, indoxyl sulfate, kynurenine, hippuric acid, indole-3-acetic acid, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid, kynurenic acid, and p-cresyl glucuronide) and precursors were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and urea, uric acid, phosphate, C-reactive protein, and intact parathyroid hormone by routine biochemistry methods. Serum endotoxin (evaluated by lipopolysaccharide levels) and C-terminal fibroblast growth factor-23 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsOne hundred hemodialysis patients were randomized to receive either nicotinamide or sevelamer treatment. Among them, 63% were male, mean (standard deviation) age was 65 +/- 14years, 47% had diabetes mellitus, and 51% had a history of cardiovascular disease. In the sevelamer group, but not the nicotinamide group, serum levels of urea, uric acid, and fibroblast growth factor-23 were significantly reduced after 6months of treatment. The other circulating uremic toxins and toxin precursors remained unchanged in response to either phosphate-lowering agent. Sevelamer treatment led to a marked decrease in serum lipopolysaccharide (p<0.001) whereas nicotinamide treatment induced an only modest decrease of borderline significance (p=0.057). There was no change in C-reactive protein levels.Conclusion p id=Par4 In contrast to sevelamer, nicotinamide did not reduce circulating levels of low-molecular-weight uremic toxins other than phosphate, and neither agent reduced circulating uremic toxins of high-molecular-weight or protein-bound toxins. Sevelamer, but not nicotinamide, reduced serum endotoxin levels. Despite no change in serum C-reactive protein, the endotoxin-lowering effect of sevelamer may help to attenuate the inflammatory status of patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Dates et versions

hal-03578810 , version 1 (17-02-2022)

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Aurelie Lenglet, Nicolas Fabresse, Meline Taupin, Cathy Gomila, Sophie Liabeuf, et al.. Does the Administration of Sevelamer or Nicotinamide Modify Uremic Toxins or Endotoxemia in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients?. Drugs, 2019, 79 (8), pp.855-862. ⟨10.1007/s40265-019-01118-9⟩. ⟨hal-03578810⟩
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