Innovation Capacities as a Prerequisite for Forming a National Innovation System
Résumé
The introduction of innovation systemic has progressively become established in the scientific debate and is centered on the need for technology transfer and strengthened innovation capacities. The capacity to learn and adapt to new technologies is crucial for the performances of individuals, firms, regions and national economies. This chapter aims to reconsider the link between institutions and the innovation system through the lens of innovation capacities. It analyzes the connections between institutions and innovation capacities before tackling the association between innovation capacities and the national innovation system (NIS), to establish the importance of the creation of these capacities within innovation systems. Technological capacities can be used as a tool to understand industrialization phenomena in the studies that focus on NIS. These capacities can be interpreted from a top-down perspective and also from a bottom-up point of view. Inclusive development is a process of structural change that takes into account the individuals' aspirations. \textcopyright ISTE Ltd 2018.